During 1500 - 1800 Muslim controls of North Africa placed a type of obstacle to European exploration of interior of Africa from north. So the Dutch were the starters to en-route in direction to interior including South Africa as a part of developing routes to trade with Asia
Hope this helps!
~LYNA~
B. Alfred the Great who first united the Seven engish Kingdoms
I think c but i am just guessing sorry bout that
Britain was the one who was mandated to control Palestine after WWI.