You should not, EVER, cut the renal artery. Doing so not only means that blood is no longer going to that kidney, but just as well, blood can't be filtered.
Answer:
The process of DNA replication allows for information to be retained that same way as a Flash drive does files. It copies them, and downloads them somewhere else, while keeping them on the drive until terminated. I don't know if this answered your question the way you wanted, but this is how my teacher expalined it in like the 5th grade
Immediately, the pathogen has been recognized:
Macrophages acts as the first line of defence by engulfing pathogens identified by antigens which will now present the antibody shape to a helper T cell.
The Helper T cells produce a signal to plasma and Memory B cells to yield antibodies that attach to the antigens. The cytotoxic cells that leads to cell death are activated by the helper T cells.
Antibodies helps to immobilize pathogen for macrophage to feed on.
if the pathogen comes back a 2nd time the memory cells helps in quick and efficient recovery by producing the specific B and T cells for the antigen.
The peptide bond is formed between two amino acids or polypeptide chain in translation.
Explanation:
Translation is the process in which the triplet codon on mRNA is read and exact amino acid is brought by tRNA.
In translation process with the addition of amino acids a polypepetide chain is formed.
Peptide bond is formed between carboxyl group of one amino acid and amino group of other amino acid causing release of water. This is a dehydration or condensation reaction.
The polypeptide chain is connected by peptide bonds as two amino acids join together by condensation reaction.
The codons in mRNA are read by universal law of 5' to 3' direction.
tRNA has a specific anticodon that forms base pairing with codons on mRNA.
