The historians that came of age during the middle to late twentieth century tended to turn their attention toward : Social and cultural events and themes
This refer to the period between 1960 - 1999. many of them refer to the events that happen before this as 'history from below'
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This question was answered by Skrskr1717 Ambitious
papermaking, gunpowder, compass
Art and science probably flourished in Muslim culture for many reasons. Like Islamic art is characterised by the use of geometrical floral or vegetal designs in a repetition known as the arabesque. The arabesque is important in the culture because it is used to symbolise the transcendent, divine and infinite nature of God. Science has also helped the Muslim culture and has raised the lack of scientific literacy in different aspects of the modern Muslim world. For example around the 15th century Muslim mathematicians and astronomers developed of almost all areas of mathematics.
