All the cells don't have all of the intracellular structures because each and every cell do not need each and every intracellular structure. The plant cells have chloroplasts because they need to convert the light energy into chemical energy via the process of photosynthesis, the animal cells, however, have no such need, therefore, the animal cells do not have chloroplasts. Also, the erythrocytes do not have the cellular organelles in them which are present in the other body cells, because there is no need for the cellular organelles in them. The large vacuoles in plant cells is also a great example. The plants need the vacuoles for the metabolic processes, while most animal cells have no need for them.
The human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a double-stranded, circular molecule of 16 569 bp and contains 37 genes coding for two rRNAs, 22 tRNAs and 13 polypeptides. The mtDNA-encoded polypeptides are all subunits of enzyme complexes of the oxidative phosphorylation system.
