<u>Answer</u>: mtDNA is present in all maternal relatives of the person being investigated.
<u>Explanation</u> :
- Mitochondria are the organelles found in all eukaryotes and are considered as the powerhouse of the cell.
- Mitochondrial DNA (MtDNA) is the genetic system of the mitochondria. Unlike other cell organelles mitochondria and chloroplast have their own genomes.
- The inheritance of the mitochondrial DNA is different from the inheritance of the nuclear DNA.
- The mitochondrial DNA is passed down from the mother to their daughters unchanged, this is because no recombination takes place in this DNA.
- Since, the mitochondrial DNA is only passed by the mother it is said to have <em>uniparental inheritance.</em>
- It is not passed down by the father as the sperm does not contain mitochondria.
Thus, <em>the uniparental inheritance of the mitochondrial DNA provides a way to trace the maternal ancestry of an individual.</em>
Answer:
homozygous recessive for shortness
Explanation:
Since the tallness allele is dominant over the allele for shortness, the quickest way to determine the zygosity of a tall pea plant is to test cross with a plant that is homozygous recessive for the allele.
<em>When this is done, analysis of the phenotypes of the offspring of the test cross will give an indication of the zygosity of the parent. If it is homozygous tall, all the offspring are expected to be tall while if it is heterozygous tall, 50% of the offspring are expected to be tall and 50% short.</em>
Any illness arising due to spoilage of food that is due to contaminated food, viruses, pathogenic bacteria or parasites that contaminates food is known as food-borne illness.
The large quantity of food can be chilled or heated quickly by dividing and placing the food into small and shallow containers.