The correct answers are:
Planet A 16 hours - Inner planet.
Planet B 1,408 hours - Outer planet.
The inner planets are the ones that are much closer to the sun, thus they have much smaller orbits around it and it takes them much less time to circle around it. Also, these planets are much smaller, which enables them to spin around their axis much quicker too, so one day passes much quicker.
The outer planets are the total opposite. They are much further from the sun, so for them to be able to make a single circle around the sun it takes much more time, and also, because they are much bigger, it takes them much more time to spin around their own axis, thus making one day much longer than the days of the inner planets.
The Eastern Mediterranean region is a region that has mostly semi-arid and arid climate, dominated by steppes and deserts. There are no lot of bodies of water and rivers, but the ones that are there are crucial for the survival of the people living there. Since the climate is very harsh and doesn't allow for people to live in larger groups in the mainland, almost all people live around the bodies of water and the rivers. The reason for that is that the bodies of water and the rivers enable the people to produce food, to travel easily, to trade, connect with the rest of the world, and the waters themselves are a big source of food, and of course the most important factor - they provide drinking water.
I think the answer is C but unfortunately I am not 100% sure.