Cloning is a process of producing genetically identical organisms through the techniques of biotechnology. Reproductive cloning of animals involves the somatic cell nuclear transfer in which the nucleus from an adult donor cell is transferred to an egg cell from which the nucleus has been removed. It is then incorporated into the uterus of a surrogate animal.
Pet cloning is not acceptable because of the following reasons-
(1) Its a very expensive procces with a high rate of failure.
(2) The clones produced tend to develop health problems. Large Offspring Syndrome (LOS) with very large organs is observed showing problems with blood flow and breathing with respect to heart and lungs, renal failure and other complicated issues.
(3) The clones are susceptible to skeletal abnormalities, higher rates of infection and tumour development. This results in a high mortality (death) rates.
(4) Since a surrogate mother is involved in the process of cloning, they experience a lot of health problems while carrying the embryos and sometimes it can be even killed.
Thus, cloning of pets is not acceptable as it affects both the cloned animal and the surrogate mother which is not preferred. Instead, adopting a homeless pet will provide shelter to another animal with a better nourishment.
Answer:
The correct answer is option a. Membranes; chloroplast.
Explanation:
Photosynthesis is the process is specific to green plants and other photosynthetic organism converting light energy into storage energy by forming glucose from carbon dioxide and water and oxygen released as a byproduct.
This process involves the green pigment present in the plants called chlorophyll located in the chloroplast. The chloroplast is a double membrane organelle present in green plants. The membranes of the chloroplast are the site of photosynthesis.
Thus, the correct answer is option a. Membranes and chloroplast
Biodiversity rises with altitude initially before falling with height beyond that. Up until it reaches a diversity peak at about 1 300 to 1 800 m.
- The biodiversity increases at higher geographical locations because There are more hiding locations. They are better for crop growth. They frequently include more than one kind of habitat.
- As latitude or altitude change, so does biodiversity. As we descend from high to low elevations, the diversity increases (i.e., from poles to equator).
- While the environment is harsh and plants have a brief growing season in the temperate region, tropical rain forests provide year-round growth-friendly circumstances.
- This enables the emergence and expansion of several species. On a mountain, there is an initial increase in species diversity after which there is a decline in species variety as you go up in elevation.
- At higher elevations, temperature drops and seasonal variations increase, which significantly diminishes.
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Answer:
Positive selection involves targeting the desired cell population with an antibody specific to a cell surface marker (CD4, CD8, etc.). ... Negative selection is when several cell types are removed, leaving the cell type of interest untouched.
