<u>Mesopotamia</u> was ruled by kings. The kings <em><u>only ruled</u></em> a single city though, rather than the entire civilization. For example, the city of Babylon was ruled by King Hammurabi. Each king and city designed the rules and systems that they thought would be most beneficial for their people.
1. it was narrow pass on the massive persian army's front line got smaller as it pushed through. 2. The Greek soldiers had better weapons and armor and were better at hand to hand combat.