Absence of oxygen means anaerobic respiration ; which has 2 different pathways.
First Pathway ; Alcoholic fermentation which takes place in yeast.
Pyruvate is decarboxylated into ethanal releasing co2 as waste product.
Ethanal is toxic , so its reduced by help of NADH to ethanol in presence of alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme , and Free NAD is released to continue glycolysis.
2) The second pathway is Lactic fermentation which takes place in mammalian muscles.
Pyruvate accepts hydrogen and is converted to lactate by the help of enzyme lactate dehydrogenase , again free NAD is released to continue glycolysis.
Hope I made it clear enough :)
Answer:
The third line of defence against pathogenic invasion is the adaptive immune response, which has two key qualities: It is specific (it can differentiate between specific microorganisms and respond accordingly) It is adaptive (it can produce a heightened response upon re-exposure - in other words, it has memory)
Explanation:
An antibiotic ointment could be used for a woman's vagina lips in case of tearing in natural childbirth which can happen if the baby is say a little too large for the opening as long as not too large to require a caesarian.
Reducing saturated fats
A client with high cholesterol would need to lower the level of saturated fats in diet
