Whenever a research is done, you must reject or accept a null hypothesis (the one you consider is not correct) or your work hypothesis (the theory you think is must probably accurate or close to the truth) usually, when performing a research, you will not always obtain positive or statistically significant results, that validate your hypothesis. Is actually, not unusual that extremes (or extraordinary results) come out (unexpected for several reasons: incorrect size of the sample, improper selection of the subjects- a bias- lack of correct determination of the variable measured or failure to determine the type of the variable-numerical, categorical, ratio,etc-)
Positive or negative results are yet, results whether they prove or reject your hypothesis. Failing to establish a scientific hypothesis does not necessarily mean that they did something wrong, it just says that the hypothesis tested does not approach correctly to the epistemological truth (ultimately, any research is only a mere approximation to reality). Therefore, when two scientists deny sharing<em> unusual results</em>, they are acting unethically, hiding results that can mean something from a different point of view.
reference
Nicholson, R. S. (1989). On being a scientist. Science, 246(4928), 305-306.
First , he should question waitress about it
And if the additional 10$ were given by mistake , then he probably should return them (which makes a good act of him ) and take the access amount which is 2$.
Team member activities that correspond directly to accomplishing the team's work are referred to as Taskwork process.
- here Taskwork processes are a category of teamwork processes and they encompass all the activities of team members that relate directly to the accomplishments of team tasks.
- Another type of taskwork processes are the decisions teams must make during their project life-cycle.
- where as Teamwork processes are operationalized as “members' interdependent acts that convert inputs to outcomes through cognitive, verbal, and behavioral activities directed toward organizing taskwork to achieve collective goals”
Teamwork consists of behaviors that are related to team member interactions and are necessary to establish coordination among individual team members in order to achieve team goals whereas taskwork consists of behaviors that are performed by individual team members and are critical to the execution of individual team.
to know more about teamwork process click here
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It is absolutely ethical to charge those with lower incomes less money, and those with higher incomes more money.
Their science is just chem and physics don’t know man
