Both were targets of the Chinese Exclusion Act. This act barred laborers from entering the
United States. Immigration officers were
strict with Chinese immigrants because they were willing to work for low wages
and during this period the economy was in the decline so they were seen as a
threat in terms of employment opportunities. Since the Japanese looked similar
to the Chinese they too were put under suspicion.
When Jesus told Nicodemus that he needed to be born again he meant that he needed to be cleansed of sin. In other words he needed to ask for forgiveness so all of his sins would be washed away.
People were not allowed to worship what ever they wanted. In massachusets bay colony If you were not a puritan you were not allowed to live in That particular colony.