Option: A. supplying water to fields with dams and canals. Explanation: The Mesopotamia economy was based on agriculture. They focused on the cultivation of cereals (barley). Because of the harsh climate, the arid soil and little rain, there was a requirement for large scale irrigation through dams and canals. Canals built to bring the water for the fields to grow crops. Canal also divert water direction, which limits the damage from floods.
Apartheid is specifically associated with South Africa - when there is a question mentioning this word, it's very likely that it's connected to this country. South Africa is also the correct answer here. Apartheid ended in 1994 and 1997 is the year when the new Constitution came into power.
