The Heliocentric Theory, the sun is the center of the universe, craters on the moon, and other observation made the Catholic Church angry at the discoverers because it violated their beliefs and their god did not make imperfections
Using knowledge over emotion or beliefs led to a large spike of change, many still practicing Christianity but being more reasonable with their beliefs.
New beliefs about government led to controversy across Europe and less respect for overbearing authority. This also laid the foundation for America's and other countries' laws.
3. Mentality
Yes, I believe this mentality is still in place, especially since everyone wants individual freedoms. The discoveries about space are still taught today.
The craftspersons of Bidar were so famed for their inlay work in copper and silver which came to be known as Bidri. Weavers such as Saliyar or Kaikkolars emerged as prosperous communities making donations to temples.
