Answer: If a cell has the ability to take in water, food molecule, and other necessary materials this indicates it is capable of nutrition. The answer can not be digestion or absorption because it's a term that talks about multicellular beings.
The cell goes in a "dormant phase". A good example is the neuron. Neurons are very metabolically active but they don't divide so they go into a phase that doesn't include growth or replication of genetic material.
While humans are born, humans also die. it really is a matter of time.
Appositional growth is the term for the rise in diameter. The periosteum's osteoblasts build compact bone around the exterior bone surface.