Answer: In each case Carnegie is referring to the accumulation and unequal distribution of wealth, which have “revolutionized” human life for the good (“highly beneficial”). In the above paragraph, he goes further by saying this unequal distribution of wealth and the benefits it bestows are a “law of civilization.”Carnegie, a steel magnate, argued that very wealthy men like him had a responsibility to use their wealth for the greater good of society. He reasoned that rich men were the smartest and most organized in a society, so they would be best suited to administer their own wealth.
In general, it was an increase in the service industry that led to a decline in labor union membership, since many of these workers don't need representation.
