<h2>Clonal Selection to a Phosphorylation Cascade </h2>
Clonal selection describes the roles of compartments of the privileged operation in reply to specific antigens attacking the basis in immunology. A phosphorylation cascade is a series of situations wherever one catalyst phosphorylates is different. It makes a succession reactions driving the phosphorylation of thousands of proteins. This can be observed in omen transduction of hormone communications.
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In areas where the walls are frequently washed, conduit should be mounted with a 1/4 inch air space between the wall and the conduit.
Conduits are the structures that are hollow and cylindrical like a pipe, channel or tube through which any material can pass. The material can be electrical wires, gases or even water. Therefore, the functions of conduits is to mediate the transport of materials from one place to another.
These conduits can be rigid or flexible depending upon their use and the material to be transported. Care should be taken when these conduits are embedded inside the wall that they are not very close and in contact with the wall otherwise the conduits may get damaged.
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Answer:
Unlike typical mammalian red blood cells, those from amphibians, such as frogs, contain a DNA-bearing nucleus that is visible in the center of the cell. The circulatory system of amphibians is rather unusual, their hearts having three chambers, two atria, and a single ventricle.
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The design of the amphibian circulatory system is curious because blood accumulates oxygen in the lungs and is then returned to the heart before being pumped into the rest of the circulatory system. Therefore, a mixing between oxygenated and deoxygenated blood occurs as blood returning to the heart from the lungs is mixed with incoming blood from the body. Frogs handle this situation by having a very slow metabolism and by absorbing some oxygen through their skin. In addition, the ventricle does have some directional control over the distribution of the blood.
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The presence of a nucleus in amphibian red blood cells allows researchers easy access to large quantities of amphibian DNA. Frog blood has both a solid and a liquid portion. The liquid plasma carries solid elements such as red and white blood cells. Blood can be collected from frogs and the red blood cells isolated by centrifugation. After removal of the residual plasma, purified cells can be treated with specific enzymes and detergents to digest the cellular envelope and release DNA from its protein complex. The DNA is then useful for scientific studies and experiments.
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Explanation:
Blood vessels visible in the posterior view of the heart include the Superior and inferior vena cava and the pulmonary veins. The superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava drain systemic venous blood into the posterior wall of the right atrium. The pulmonary veins transport blood from the lungs back to the heart and are best seen in posterior view of the heart. Other features visible in the posterior view include, right and left atrium, right and left ventricle, aorta, aortic arch, pulmonary veins and arteries, coronary sinus, coronary artery and posterior interventricular artery.
