Answer:
The correct answer is -
a. Protonation of the substrate.
b. Deprotonation of the amino acids in the enzyme active site.
c. Change in tertiary structure in extreme conditions.
Explanation:
During an enzyme assay, suboptimal pH is changed and affect the Vmax to decrease and this could take place due to various reasons such as-
A) protonation of the substrate - Upon protonating or adding a proton or hydrogen cation to a substrate atom, the mass and the charge of the species each increase by one unit which make a conjugate acid.
B) Deprotonation of the amino acids in the enzyme’s active site -Changing the pH will affect the charges on the amino acid molecules.
C) Denaturation of the protein’s tertiary structure- Tertiary structure of the protein is basically a backbone of peptide chain with one or more secondary domains of proteins that increasing the pH or decreasing the pH get denature.
Thus, the correct answer is : option A, B, C.
-All signal transduction cascades are shut down immediately so as to prevent the cell from mounting a response.
-Cells are unable to respond quickly to hormones, and therefore signal transduction cascades always occur over a long time.
-Cells have to be able to function alone, because they are unable to work together in a coordinated fashion.
-Cells often have to respond very quickly to changes in their internal and external environments.
<h2>Phenotype probability</h2>
Explanation:
- In the given question,let say A is dominant allele and a is recessive allele
- Homozygous recessive parent(having both alleles recessive) will be denoted by aa genotype whereas heterozygous parent(one allele is dominant while other is recessive) will be denoted by Aa
- When a cross is made between both the parents then the probability of offspring having the recessive phenotype will be 1/2 or we can say 50%
The most complex cellular organization is actually the organisms but since its not on the choices its the organs.
The given statement is False, it should read, "A theory and a law are already both supported by evidence and are equal, but they have different functions."
In the scientific method, a "Theory" and a "Law" are already both supported by evidence, but they serve different purposes.
The role of "Theory" in the scientific method is to provide a justification for the data collected through observations and results. As more data is gathered, it may be altered, enhanced, or even dismissed. While a "law" typically refers to an observed natural event that is true no matter how it is tested. It doesn't explain why the incident or event actually happened.
To know more about theory and law refer to: brainly.com/question/9266219
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