B! it occurs at the start and end, usually to foreshadow or to remind the reader of the beginning to emphasise a point.
the thesis statement is #3 because, of budget cuts, our school will be unable to purchase new uniforms for our team.
Direct quotations
Summary of a discussion
Information
Writer constructs a diagram from data provided by others
Rule of thumb is that if it is from someone else and not your own mind, you should document it.
Id say that its “to persuade your reader that you have a reasonable position”