Answer: D
Explanation:
The lipopolysaccharides are found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Lipopolysaccharide is complex molecule consisting of a lipid and chains of carbohydrates. They are also called endotoxin, they are the major component of the outer cell membrane. Sugars in the polysaccharide chains of endotoxin confer serologic specificity. They lplay a crucial role in bacteria resistance to antibiotics.
Active volcanoes can affect the properties of the soil (e.g., pH) and therefore may alter agriculture and health.
<h3>What are active volcanoes?</h3>
Active volcanoes are geological formations that have regular cycles of eruptions, releasing liquid magma to the Earth's surface.
These eruptions are composed of rocks (or ash weathers) that generate fertile soils, but also may affect the respiratory airways.
Volcanic eruptions have devastating consequences for human populations and lead to destruction as well as societal collapse.
In conclusion, active volcanoes can affect the properties of the soil (e.g., pH) and therefore may alter agriculture and health.
Learn more about active volcanoes here:
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Opsonization.
Explanation:
- Complement proteins and antibodies coat a microorganism and provide binding sites, enabling macrophages and neutrophils to phagocytize the organism. This phenomenon is termed opsonization.
Opsonization occurs as a result of binding of a molecule called opsonin to the epitope of a pathogen.
Opsonization helps the immune system to select and kill the infected cells instead of targeting all the cells in general.
