Genes encode proteins and proteins dictate cell function. Therefore, the thousands of genes expressed in a particular cell determine what that cell can do. Moreover, each step in the flow of information from DNA to RNA to protein provides the cell with a potential control point for self-regulating its functions by adjusting the amount and type of proteins it manufactures.
At any given time, the amount of a particular protein in a cell reflects the balance between that protein's synthetic and degradative biochemical pathways. On the synthetic side of this balance, recall that protein production starts at transcription (DNA to RNA) and continues with translation (RNA to protein). Thus, control of these processes plays a critical role in determining what proteins are present in a cell and in what amounts. In addition, the way in which a cell processes its RNA transcripts and newly made proteins also greatly influences protein levels.
Explanation:
La siguiente entrada tiene como objetivo realizar una breve explicación sobre las moléculas biológicas lipídos y carbohidratos, las cuales son muy diversas ya que están formadas por carbono, lo cual hace que puedan formar muchos tipos de enlaces. Esta capacidad permite que las moléculas orgánicas adopten muchas formas complejas, como son las cadenas, las ramificaciones y los anillos.
Las moléculas biológicas son grandes polímeros que sintetizas para poder enlazarse con otras subunidades mucho mas pequeñas conocidos como monómeros. Las cadenas de subunidades estan unidas por enlaces covalentes los cuales se forman por deshidratación, estas cadenas pueden romperse por hidrólisis. La moléculas biologicas más importantes son los carbohidratos, lípidos, proteínas y ácidos nucleicos.
Answer:
Unlike matter, as energy flows through an ecosystem in one direction, from photosynthetic organisms to herbivores to omnivores and carnivores and decomposers, less and less energy becomes available to support life.
Explanation:
Primary producers use energy from the sun to produce their own food in the form of glucose, and then primary producers are eaten by primary consumers who are in turn eaten by secondary consumers, and so on, so that energy flows from one trophic level, or level of the food chain, to the next.
Energy is acquired by living things in three ways: photosynthesis, chemosynthesis, and the consumption and digestion of other living or previously-living organisms by heterotrophs.
Living organisms would not be able to assemble macromolecules (proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and complex carbohydrates) from their monomeric subunits without a constant energy input.
Dideoxynucleotides are chain-elongating inhibitors of DNA polymerase, used in the Sanger method for DNA sequencing.
Answer:
Option A
Option D
Option F
Explanation:
During the process of continuous starvation for a long period of time, the primary source of energy in body is hepatic gluconeogenesis which is responsible for producing endogenous glucose. Also lipolysis takes place in the adipose tissue to release fatty acid which is then converted into ketone bodies through though mitochondrial β oxidation and ketogenesis. The liver communicates with extrahepatic tissues, including adipose tissue and skeletal muscle and deliver glucose and ketone bodies to muscle and other extrahepatic tissues as fuels.
Hence, option A, D and F are true.
