Answer is d. indirect object. let me know if im wrong.
C.The purpose for writing this essay is to inform.
The work by Leo Tolstoy which was based on his time serving in the Crimean War and set in the city where he and his unit were based is the <em>Sevastapol Sketches</em>. He recounted his experiences and observations during the war in this novel.
They are not effective because they don't have evidence , support of claims. I hope that this is the answer that you were looking for and it has helped you. Have a nice day.