Dominance is not inherent to either an allele or its phenotype. It is a relationship between two alleles of a gene and their associated phenotypes; one allele can be dominant over a second allele, recessive to a third allele, and codominant to a fourth.
Some fungi and bacteria, also sometimes in vertebrates muscle cells when there is a lack of oxygen
Simulations generally involve a simple design. In contrast, the world is a very complex system. Many events, such as how we farm, can disrupt the world's delicate balance. Simulations do not take into account the varied interactions that affect events in the real world.
