Answer:
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Explanation:
Arms races have generated a great deal of interest for a variety of reasons. They are widely believed to have significant consequences for states' security, but agreement stops there. In the debate over their consequences, one side holds that arms races increase the probability of war by undermining military stability and straining political relations. The opposing view holds that engaging in an arms race is often a state's best option for avoiding war when faced with an aggressive adversary. Debate over the causes of arms races is just as divided. One school believes that arms races are primarily rational responses to external threats and opportunities, whereas arms race skeptics believe that arms buildups are usually the product of a mixture of internal, domestic interests, including those of the scientists involved in research and development (R&D), the major producers of weapons systems, and the military services that will operate them. The policy implications of these contending views are equally contradictory; critics see arms control as a way to reduce the probability of war and rein in domestic interests that are distorting the state's security policy, and proponents argue that military competition is most likely to protect the state's international interests and preserve peace.
Arms buildups and arms races also play a prominent role in international relations (IR) theory. Building up arms is one of a state's three basic options for acquiring the military capabilities it requires to achieve its international goals; the other two are gaining allies and cooperating with its adversary to reduce threats. In broad terms, choosing between more competitive and more cooperative combinations of these options is among the most basic decisions a state must make, and it is often the most important.
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Answer: A law that punishes people for a crime that was not a crime when it was committed. Congress cannot pass these laws.
Explanation:
While most U.S. presidents over the past 75 years have run budget deficits for many if not all of their years in office, there are four whose deficits have far exceeded those of their peers. The four presidents who have run the largest deficits through 2017 are Barack Obama, George W. Bush, Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush.<span>
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Answer: A. Calls for independence from Eastern bloc nations
Explanation:
Mikhail Gorbachev was the last premier of the Soviet Union and he started a series of reforms which according to him, were meant to save the Soviet Union. He allowed for freedom of speech and multiple political parties.
The Eastern bloc nations of the Warsaw Pact interpreted this to mean that there was less chances of the Soviet Union interfering in their affairs and so demanded independence along with the Soviets that comprised the USSR. This led to the collapse of the Soviet Union.
