1. Divergent Plate Boundaries or Constructive Plate Boundaries. This is where two plates separate. Ridges are created when mantle convection rises up beneath it, with extreme heat, the crust will thin, and the igneous material beneath will eventually.
<span>2. Divergent, or destructive plate margins cause volcanoes. As the more dense plate subducts, it will melt at depth and the water driven off, will lower the melting point of the overlying mantle wedge, this will create a type of magma. Volcanic Island Arcs are formed at oceanic-oceanic destructive plate margins. The hot, bouyant magma, is less dense that the surrounding rock, so will rise to the surface, and will collect beneath the plate that hasn't been subducted. It will then, under increased pressure erupt under the sea. Over thousands to millions of years, it will keep erupting, to form islands. </span>
<span>3. Earthquakes are mainly caused at Transform boundaries and Divergent boundaries. At transform boundaries, two plates sliding past eachother, and the build up of friction could lead to earthquakes, if enough stress is built up and then suddenly released, then the energy is released as seismic waves or an earthquake. At divergent boundaries, earthquakes happen along the Benioff zone which is the slope of the subducting plate that is slowly being dragged into the mantle by mantle convection and slab pull. </span>
<span>4. Divergent boundaries cause orogenisis (mountain building). But only the continental-continental margin where two continental plates are colliding. Because they are the same density, they don't subduct, but they buckle, compress and uplift to form mountains. Just like the himilayas, when the Indian plate collided with the eurasian plate.</span>
Answer: Giving birth only in the spring and summer ensures that offspring are born when food is most available.
Explanation:
Answer:
Explanation:
The cell membrane separates the cell from the outer environment. The extracellular fluid contains the sodium ions (Na+), chloride ions (Cl-), while intracellular fluid contains potassium (K +) and negative anions.
The potential difference arises when the membrane is selectively permeable to some ions. The resting potential is -70mV.
When the neurons get excited, the sodium ions start to enter by sodium channels.
Now there are more positive ions inside the cell membrane. It disturbs the resting potential i.e. -70mV. This stage is known as depolarization.
When the inside environment of the cell is more positively charged, the potassium ions start to move out of the cell. It goes out by the voltage-gated channels. Thus resting stage is maintained and it is known as repolarization.
But the initial stability of the cell membrane has to be maintained. To restore the resting stage, the sodium ions start to move out of the membrane and potassium ions enter into the cells again. This is an active transport and has done by the Na+ - K+ pump. Here 3 sodium ions move out and 2 potassium ions pumped into the cell through the plasma membrane.
Thus the resting potential regains. The potassium ions come back into the cells against the concentration gradient and ATP provides the energy for this phenomena.
birds
hummingbird because of its wing speed
Answer:The electron transport chain is a series of complexes that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions, and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons across a membrane. The electron transport chain is built up of peptides, enzymes, and other molecules
Explanation:give brianlest
