These changes can be caused by environmental factors such as ultraviolet radiation from the sun, or can occur if an error is made as DNA copies itself during cell division. Acquired mutations in somatic cells (cells other than sperm and egg cells) cannot be passed to the next generation.
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Glycine glycine - Silent mutation. Lysine stop; - Nonsense mutations. Silent mutations are caused by a point mutation and have no effect of the function because they code for the same amino acid. Missense mutations are caused by a point mutation and result in a different amino acid to be placed in the protein. Nonsense mutations is caused by a point mutation and cause a stop where there should not be one. The Frame shift mutations on the other hand are caused by insertion or deletion of a nucleotide causing a reading frame to shift and the protein to be too long or too short.
Nutrients enter a cell DOWN the concentration gradient by the process of DIFFUSION.
This process of absorption of digested nutrients mainly uses diffusion (only some times active transport), which is a kind of method of material transportation where the net movement is fluid will flow from a region of higher concentration to the region of lower concentration, due to its original random movement.
Therefore, this net movement can be described as down the concentration gradient, and this process is diffusion.
Click what?? can you maybe organize the steps for it to be easier for me to answer?
<span>b.internal fertilization
</span>Sexual reproduction provides genetic variation because the sperm and egg that are produced contain different combinations of genes than the parent organism. Sexual reproduction involves meiosis which is the process of a cell doubling its DNA, shuffling its genes and then dividing the shuffled DNA among four cells.<span>Each resulting cell, or gamete from meiosis has only half the amount of DNA as the parent cell. So in order to form a new organism, two gametes, sperm and egg, must fuse, further mixing the genes to produce more genetic variation.</span>
