Answer:
1. The Fed uses open market operations to increase the money supply, thus lowering interest rates and stimulating investment.
Expansionary monetary policy is done to stimulate economy by increasing money supply. It lowers interest rates and leaves more money for consumption and investment.
2. Increased aggregate demand leads to some higher prices and more total output.
Increased AG will lead to prices being higher in response. This would spur producers to produce more thereby increasing output.
3. Sticky input prices adjust to inflation.
Input prices will rise overtime to match the increase in prices.
4. Producers lay off some workers in response to higher input prices, causing a decrease in aggregate supply.
When the inputs rise, production becomes more expensive so producers will have to lay off workers to maintain profitability. They will also supply less goods as a result.
5. In the long run, equilibrium returns to the same initial production level.
In the long run therefore, the reduction in AS leads to production returning to pre-monetary policy figures.
