Answer:
the correct answer is A) rate of urbanization and pollution
Answer:
In pre-modern Sub-Saharan Africa, the basic unit of society was the clan or lineage-group. African societies were also largely structured into villages until the first chiefdoms and kingdoms began to appear.
Explanation:
Throughout Sub-Saharan Africa, the basic unit of society was the clan group, which would typically live together as a cluster of households and thus small hamlets or villages would form on the bases of lineages and allied lineages. Large towns would be an amalgamation of these clans, and they would often be distributed as smaller villages of clans grouped together. Each village would be principled around the power of what anthropologists call a “big man.” They were the person whom the clan believed was the most directly descended from their founding ancestors. He would be joined by his extended family as well as more distant relatives, and often unrelated families who had been separated from their own clans and who looked to the big man for guidance and protection. In North Africa and the Saharan Desert, the organization of society was different and largely resembled cultures in the Middle East that were nomadic in large part.
Me no speak Spanish sorry
For the answer to the question above, are you referring to colonial period?
because during the colonial period, European women in America remained entitled to the legal protections provided by imperial authorities, even when they occupied unfree statuses, such as indentured servitude. For instance, when masters or mistresses mistreated their indentured servant women physically violated the terms of their labor contracts, the servants had a right to complain at the local court for redress; in some jurisdictions, their pleas met with remedies from the bench. Nevertheless, patriarchal models of authority prevailed, and despite their access to the courts, indentured women remained restricted by a series of laws that gave their masters extensive powers over them. They could not marry or travel while under contract, and if they ran away, became pregnant, or challenged their masters, they would be penalized with extra terms of service. While the law in Virginia, for instance, penalized masters who impregnated their servant women by freeing the latter, at the same time the statute averred that such women might be unfairly “induced to lay all their illegitimate to their masters” in order to gain their freedom. The statutory language is clearly indicative of class-based notions of dissolute sexuality. Indeed, the statutes enacted across imperial North America, like those iterated above, were devoted to creating and enforcing differences among women on the basis of not only race but class as well.