A species is a group of living organisms capable of breeding and/or exchanging genetic information. It is the prime taxonomic unit.
1. Naked Seeds, Gymnosperm means 'naked seed' and these were the earliest trees to evolve. They do not produce flowers and have seeds which are directly exposed to the air for wind pollination. Pine cones are one example. For ease you might think of the gymnosperms as conifers, such as yew and Scots pine.
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Genetic counseling after testing can help you better understand your test results and treatment options, help you deal with emotional concerns, and refer you to other healthcare providers and advocacy and support groups.
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Gas exchange during respiration occurs primarily through diffusion. Gas molecules move from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration. Blood that is low in oxygen concentration and high in carbon dioxide concentration undergoes gas exchange with air in the lungs.
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c. one helix strand that runs from the 5' to 3' direction and the other strand runs from the 3' to 5' direction.
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A DNA molecule has <em>two strands of nucleotides with a sugar phosphate backbone each, but orientated on the opposite direction </em>allowing for the base pairs to complement one another, making it a more stable structure. <em>When two biopolymers run parallel to each other but with opposite directionality (alignment) we have an antiparallel arrangement.</em>
I annexed an image of the DNA structure.
I hope you find this information useful and interesting! Good luck!