Answer:
The presence of strong magnetic fields results in the slow convection and also prevents the movement of hot plasma from entering the region
Explanation:
The photosphere refers to the visible surface of the sun, whereas the sunspots are the small dark spots that occur on the surface of the sun. These sunspots are comparatively cooler than the other gases that are present in the photosphere. It is because of the presence of the strong magnetic field, that lowers the surface temperature and reduces the effects of convection process and does not allow the movement of hot plasma into the region.
Due to this obstruction in the release of heat in the sun's surface, the sunspots are cooler than the surrounding gases.
One many global warming is affecting Antarctica.
Tundra is the region mostly found north of the Arctic Circle.
To change the equation, you'd have to take the square root of both sides. When you do this, x^2 cancels out leaving you with x = sqrt(y)
If you need help on the other ones, all you have to do is solve for x by using either addition/subtraction or dividing/multiplying.
