Question

How are the three chromosomal aberrations different from each other?

Answer 1

The three chromosomal aberrations are: (1) Inversion; (2) Translocation and (3) Deletion. They are all different as they have opposing functions of repairing, changing or removing chromosomal differences. Inversion involves breaking the chromosome and inserting another part; translocation involves a part of the chromosome moving to another place, and deletion is where parts are simply deleted and removed.

Answer 2

Chromosomal aberration is referred to as the abnormalities in chromosome and they are of many types. They are different from each other because;

• Duplication: It duplicates the specific part of a chromosome and leads to extra genetic material.

• Deletion: In this, deletion or disappearance of a specific sequence of a chromosome occurs.

• Translocation: In this one portion of a chromosome is transferred to another chromosome.

Further Explanation:

If there is any defect in the chromosome or the sequence of the chromosome, then this condition is referred to as chromosomal aberration. These problems give physical abnormalities or symptoms in an individual. Chromosomal aberration could be developed due to the addition of a particular portion in the chromosome or deletion of a particular sequence from the chromosome. It affects the normal functioning of the chromosome. The two types of chromosomal aberration are:

• Numerical aberration: It develops due to the presence of an extra number of the chromosomes or lack of chromosome. For example, Turner syndrome and Down syndrome.

• Structural aberration: This is developed due to abnormality in the genetic material or loss of genetic material.

Structural aberrations are of many types. Few of them are:

• Deletion: In this, a particular sequence is missing from the chromosome.

• Duplication: In this, some part of the chromosome is duplicated.

• Translocation: In this, part of the chromosome is moved to another chromosome.

• Inversion: In this, the genetic material of a chromosome is inverted due to breakage.

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School  

Subject: Biology

Topic: Chromosomal aberration

Keywords: Chromosomal aberration, abnormality, translocation, inversion, deletion, duplication, chromosome, turner syndrome, down syndrome, genetic material.