Answer:
(a). soft substrates
Explanation:
Mobile organisms can be measured by both direct and indirect methods. Direct methods may involve observing the actual behavior (e.g., scoring via timing). Moreover, indirect methods are those where the technique used depends on the species being examined, collecting information such as through recording of tracks in the soft substrate (e.g., mud, sand, snow), presence of fur/feathers, droppings (mammals), etc. For example, indirect observation of insects may involve the determination of exoskeletons, sounds, etc.
Answer:Primary succession occurs on land that is new and has never had a flora and fauna example: glacier retreats, lava flows. Secondary succession occurs on land that has been cleared example: by fire, of flora and fauna, but which still has viable seeds and spores in the soil.
Answer:
6. B. Altitude
7. B. Intertropical Convergence Zone
8. A. Hundreds
Explanation:
The following factors affect monsoon, except altitude.
ITCZ stands for Intertropical Convergence Zone.
It takes hundreds of years for soil to be replaced.
