Answer:
The Mongol Empire's economy was pretty good: stable, tolerant, effective, and efficient overall. There were almost no problems, except for the occasional burp (rebellions that were immediately put down, etc.); thus, it was called the Pax Mongolica, or the Mongol Peace (~13th century to 14th century). The Pax Mongolia was the period of time in which the economy, trade, as well as communication were stable and at it's highest. While the Pax Mongolica did not represent the economy of the empire during it's entire reign, it accounted for most of the Mongol empire's success during it's rule and is ultimately why the Mongols are thought of as very successful today.A huge part of what made the economy so good was it's trade and communication--more specifically, the Silk Road. The Silk Road was a huge trade network spanning the entire empire; the various trade networks made it efficient as well as safe for merchants, or even for travelers to pass through. In Pelogotti's commercial handbook, he said: "The road you travel from Tana [Azov] to Cathay is perfectly safe, whether by day or by night, according to what the merchants say who have used it." This shows that regardless of the time of day, the silk road was a very safe place to travel through.
As suggested by its name, the silk road was used often to import and export various silk goods, such as clothing. In his merchant handbook, Marco Polo says, "As a sample, I tell you, no day in the year passes that there do not enter the city 1,000 cartloads of silk alone, from which are made quantities of cloth of silk and gold, and of other goods." This alone can give a picture of exactly how many things are imported everyday, especially since silk was not the only thing being traded. Things such as gold, silver, caviar, wax, iron, spices, animal pelts, and honey were also traded, out of many other things.Agriculture also played a large role in building up the Mongol Empire's economy, especially in creating opportunities for peasants and other people in the lower class to work. Kublai Khan liked to focus much of his efforts into the peasant economy, and making agriculture one of his priorities greatly increased the amount of peasants that worked.
Not only did focusing on agriculture give work, it also allowed the Mongol Empire to have a greater amount of food output, and sometimes even a surplus of food. This in turn made each class in the empire have a better standard of living, as less people were starving everyday. In addition, the great amount of food was used to trade, and generated much income for the empire.
