Answer:
1. Demand for good X is Elastic
2. The demand curve for good X shifts outward or rightward.
If the price of good Y increases, good Y becomes more expensive. Thus, the quantity demand of good y decreases. Consumers shift to the consumption of good X. As a result, there would be an increase in the demand for good X. The demand curve for good X shifts outward or rightward.
3. Demand would be inelastic if there were no substitutes.
If there is an increase in the price of the good, consumers cannot not shift to the consumption of a cheaper substitute. As a result, quantity demand would be less sensitive to changes in price.
4. If there is an expectation of a future reduction in price, there would be a fall in demand now. the demand curve would shift inward or leftward.
Explanation:
Price elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of quantity demanded to changes in price of the good.
Price elasticity of demand = percentage change in quantity demanded / percentage change in price
If the absolute value of price elasticity is greater than one, it means demand is elastic. Elastic demand means that quantity demanded is sensitive to price changes.
Demand is inelastic if a small change in price has little or no effect on quantity demanded. The absolute value of elasticity would be less than one
Demand is unit elastic if a small change in price has an equal and proportionate effect on quantity demanded.
Infinitely elastic demand is perfectly elastic demand. Demand falls to zero when price increases
Perfectly inelastic demand is demand where there is no change in the quantity demanded regardless of changes in price.
Elasticity of demand for good X = percentage change in quantity demanded / percentage change in price
percentage change in quantity demanded = (150 / 110) - 1 = 0.364 = 36.4%
percentage change in price = (9/10) - 1 = 0.1 = -10%
Elasticity = 36.4 / -10 = -3.64 = 3.64
the coefficient of elasticity is greater than one, so demand is elastic
2. Substitute goods are goods that can be used in place of another good.
If the price of good Y increases, good Y becomes more expensive. Thus, the quantity demand of good y decreases. Consumers shift to the consumption of good X. As a result, there would be an increase in the demand for good X. The demand curve for good X shifts outward or rightward.
3. Demand would be inelastic if there were no substitutes.
If there is an increase in the price of the good, consumers cannot not shift to the consumption of a cheaper substitute. As a result, quantity demand would be less sensitive to changes in price.
4. If there is an expectation of a future reduction in price, there would be a fall in demand now. the demand curve would shift inward or leftward.
