I would say <span> D. a strict construction of the U.S. Constitution
They wanted a sort of loose interpretation. </span>
The Catholic church in Italy was controlled by the medieval popes, and the bishops were often worldly figures to nobles. The controversy of lay investiture was initiated by a decree from Pope Gregory VII in 1075, ended in an 1122 compromise called the Concordat of Worms. Pope Innocent III, in the 1200s, used tools such as spiritual to bring the church to the height of its political power.
Answer:
causes: the colonists had no representation in parliment
different acts were passed as taxes without the colonists consent
colonists were expected to pay for the french and indian war
the rest are effects :)
