The Parthenon in Athens, built by the ancient Greeks from 447 to 438 BC, is regarded by many to illustrate the application of the Golden Ratio in design. The Parthenon was constructed using few straight or parallel lines to make it appear more visually pleasing, a brilliant feat of engineering.
Catholic. Not only does the Pope reside in Italy and they are frequently chosen from Italy, but lots of French and Spanish art is heavily influenced by Catholic themes.