It was the Duke of Wellington who finally gave Nappy the kick in the behind he had deserved for so long. Cheers to the duke!
Answer:
Gandhi's model was effective
Explanation:
The sentence doesn't make it clear anything about Gandhi's model being new. It also doesn't talk about followers or how creative Gandhi was, since it is not clear if he created the model by himself. It does show, though, that it worked by using words like "appealing" and "successful".
I think it is #1. I am assuming this is the Revolution that they are talking about.