Just because references are an option im gonna say those,
You should underline words that describe things. like the LARGE gray dog etc etc
The importance of knowing the key dimensions of extreme natural events allow us to gauge the amount of preparation we need to do. The dimensions of extreme natural events are the severity of the natural event and its likelihood. These two provide a risk assessment that will tell us which disasters to prevent to the most.
You did not provide the possible excerpts, however, nonstandard English is any type of English language that is not standardized, meaning that is not grammatical or normative. Slang, jargon, incorrect grammar, dialects, all fall into the category of nonstandard English, so use that logic on your excerpts and find the correct one.