Basically, you need to know that the leading strand is synthesized faster and without any breaks, but the lagging strand is synthesized more slowly and in fragments. Both new DNA strands are synthesized by DNA Polymerase going from 3' → 5' direction on the template strand and therefore synthesizing the new strand in the 5' → 3' direction.
If you want to try to understand why that is, here's my best shot:
<em>Disclaimer: "Something about this topic was incredibly hard for me to conceptualize all throughout high school and college. I did not understand why Okazaki fragments formed until I started teaching and HAD to be able to explain it.</em>
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Think of DNA polymerase (the enzyme constructing the new strands of DNA) as one of those wind up toys that can only move forward (***see attached pic of yellow smiley face toy***). Like the toy, DNA Polymerase can only move down the template strand of DNA in the 3' → 5' direction (synthesizing the new strand in the 5' → 3' direction). Well, the two strands of DNA that have to be replicated actually run in opposite directions of each other. Therefore, one strand (leading strand) will be replicated relatively quickly and straightforward, while the other strand (lagging strand) will have to be synthesized backwards...but the catch is that just like our little wind-up toy DNA polymerase cannot move backwards. So, instead it must wait for DNA helicase to "unzip" a section of the DNA, and then it will start synthesizing new DNA from the point nearest the DNA helicase in the opposite direction from which DNA helicase is moving. DNA polymerase will eventually get to the beginning of the DNA strand, so it will then detach and reattach at the point nearest to the DNA helicase and start synthesizing another fragment again in the opposite direction from which DNA helicase is moving (until it gets to the start of the first fragment and the process begins again). Think of it as having to pick up our little wind-up toy and move it further along in its journey to the other side of the table because it's facing backwards and keeps walking in the opposite direction that we want it to go.
Cross pollination is advantageous because it allows for diversity in the species, as the genetic information of different plants are combined. However, it relies on the existence of pollinators that will travel from plant to plant. Self pollination leads to more uniform progeny, meaning that the species is, for example, less resistant as a whole to disease.
Answer:
The options
1. Glucose level of 99 mg/dL
2. Magnesium level of 1.5 mEq/L
3. Platelet level of 300,000
4. White blood cell count of 3000
The CORRECT ANSWER IS 4.
4. White blood cell count of 3000
Explanation:
Silver sulfadiazine is employed in the dressing of burn injuries. Adverse effects of this medication are noticeably rash and itching, blue green or gray skin distortion in colour, leukopenia, and interstitial nephritis.
The nurse should carefully analyse the client whole blood count, specifically the white blood cells, more often for the client who is kept under this medication.
If leukopenia progresses or is being diagnosed, the healthcare provider is alerted of the development and the medication is mostly stopped.
The white blood cell count brought in an indication of leukopenia.
IThet us important to note that the rest laboratory parameters given are not in certainty to the particular medication, and can be seen to be in the normal limits.
Answer:
B. Carbon dioxide
Explanation:
First of all, let’s write out the photosynthesis equation to identify the products and reactants.
6CO2 + 6H2O + energy —> C6H12O6 + 6H2O
In a chemical equation with the arrow pointing right, the reactants are on the left and the products on the right.
In photosynthesis, the reactants, carbon dioxide, water, and energy, react to form the products of glucose (sugar) and oxygen.
Now, let’s look at the answer choices. We can automatically eliminate choices A (oxygen) and D (sugar) because they are products.
We are left with B (carbon dioxide) and C (water). Water isn’t really considered a major contributor to climate change. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the atmosphere, causing climate change.
Therefore, the best answer choice is B. Carbon dioxide