Answer:
D) In case 1, both PS I and PS II completely lose function; in case 2, a proton gradient is still produced.
Explanation:
The light dependent reaction of photosynthesis, which produces the ATP and NADPH needed in the light independent stage of the process, includes complexes of proteins and pigments called PHOTOSYSTEMS. These photosystems (I and II) are key to the functionality of the light dependent reactions in the thylakoid.
The major pigment present in both photosystems is CHLOROPHYLL A, which absorbs light energy and transfers electrons to the reaction center. Chlorophyll B is only an accessory pigment meaning it can be done without. Hence, if all of the chlorophyll A is inactivated in the algae but leaves chlorophyll B intact as in case 1, both PS I and PS II will lose their function because Chlorophyll A is the major pigment that absorbs light energy in both photosystems.
In case 2, if PS I is inhibited and PS II is unaffected, a PROTON GRADIENT WILL STILL BE PRODUCED because the splitting of water into protons (H+) and electrons (e-) occurs in PSII. Hence, H+ ions can still be pumped into the inner membrane of the thylakoid in order to build a proton gradient even without the occurrence of PS I.
As ribosomes make their proteins, they may attach to the rough ER and insert the protein into the interior of the ER. The ER then begins folding the new proteins and transports them to areas in which chemical processing takes place
Answer:
The answer is B, extensive research of an individual organism over many years.
Explanation:
The question is asking, what best describes Darwin's studies that led to the theory of evolution, it would be a lot of research over a long period of time. Think, if you were to do a school project, would you get your best results over a short or long period of time with little or a lot of evidence/research? So, B is the best answer, I believe.
(PLEASE BRAINLIEST)
