Answer:
a. polarized
Explanation:
The whole living cell and in particular the nerve cells show electric potential difference between the inner and outer faces of their cell membrane.
The resting potential of a cell refers to the difference in electrical potential that the inner and outer faces in the membrane of a neuron that is not transmitting nerve impulses. The resting potential value is around -70mV (milliVolts). The negative sign indicates that the interior of the cell is negative relative to the exterior.
The existence of the resting potential is mainly due to the difference in concentration of sodium (Na +) and potassium (K +) ions inside and outside the cell. This difference is maintained by a mechanism of active ion pumping through cell membranes, in which sodium is forced out of the cell and potassium in.
At rest, the alternation between passive and active ion transport occurs. There is passive input of sodium (Na +) ions, which are subsequently actively expelled, while potassium (K +) ions enter actively. Then K + passes passively from the cell, making the external medium positive relative to the internal medium. With this, the cell becomes polarized.
Answer:
Yes
The somatic nervous system controls all voluntary muscular systems within the body, and the process of voluntary reflex arcs.
Explanation:
Answer:
the first one is most likely
Explanation:
The answer is: B; the diffusion gradient in cell B is steeper
Cell B actively converting oxygen to water in cellular respiration, therefore the oxygen concentration would be much less when compared to oxygen concentration of cell A.
Diffusion will allow molecule to move from container with higher concentration to container with lower concentration. The difference in concentration will increase the speed, so the speed of oxygen diffusion to cell B would be faster.
