1. Horticulture and dairying: Vegetable and fruit gardening and farming for milk products. They are easily perishable, so they are closest to the market. An example of intensive farming because the small amount of space near the market results in high labor input per field.
2. Forestry: Cutting down trees for lumber. Second closest to the market because of the high transportation costs of lumber due to its weight. The lumber is used for fuel and building materials.
3. Extensive farming: More space farther from the market for extensive (large fields with low labor input per field) farming. May use crop rotation methods such as the three-field system (keeping some fields fallow) to avoid exhausting the nutrients or may alternate between fields for crops and pastures for grazing. Mostly involves the cultivation of grains as they can be stored for long periods of time and thus can be farther from the market.
4. Ranching: Animals are furthest from the market because of low transportation costs (Animals can walk to the market for butchering). The large amount of space away from the market allows for pastures for grazing.
<span>Invasions by Barbarian tribes <span>Economic troubles and overreliance on slave labor<span>Overexpansion and military overspending </span></span></span>
Civilians were not able to do anything, so they were killed the same ratio to military that fought the enemy. There was also no rules or laws that they can’t kill civilians
