Answer:
Five European countries rank in the top ten of the world's largest national economies in GDP (PPP). This includes (ranks according to the CIA): Germany (6), Russia (7), the United Kingdom (10), France (11), and Italy (13). There is huge disparity between many European countries in terms of their income.
Explanation:
The lines going up and down are longitude and the lines going from side to side are latitude.
The answer is B.
The primary positive effect of the Columbian exchange was the introduction of New World crops, such as potatoes and corn, to the Old World. The most significant negative effects were the transmission of African populations into slavery and the exchange of diseases between the Old and New World.