Because if a hypha is damaged, fungi can seal septa pores to prevent cytoplasmic leakage.
I think that correct answers are:
<span>Some of them lose their leaves in winter. (i.e. <span><em>Larix</em></span>)</span>
<span>They include the tallest plants (i.e<em>.Sequoia)
</em>I don't think they are the oldest type of seed plants, since in the past the classes like progymnosperms and seed ferns existed prior to the gymnosperms. But question isn't absolutely clear to me and I can't be 100% sure.
All of the gymnosperms have seeds unless human grows some seedless variant.
Gymnosperms don't have flowers like angiosperms do, but some people think that cone is kind of flower.
Male cones produce pollen, not female.
Hope I helped :)
<em /></span>
<u>Answer:-</u> <em>Option C </em>- evidence that microorganisms cannot grow in boiled broth when new organisms were not allowed to enter.
<u>Explanation:-</u>
- <em>Theory of spontaneous generation</em> stated that the living organisms can be created from non living matter. However, this theory was disapproved and replaced by the <em>cell theory</em> which stated that all living organisms are created from cells and new cells arise from pre-existing cells.
- There were several experiments conducted by various scientists to disapprove the theory of spontaneous generation however, the experiment that was most successful to do so was the one conducted by <em>Louis Pasteur</em> in 1859.
- <em><u>Description of the experiment:-</u></em>
-In his experiment, Pasteur boiled a meat broth in a flask (it was known that boiling the broth kills the micro organisms) and then heated the neck of the flask to bend into a S- shape.
The purpose of the S shaped neck was to allow the air to enter into the flask but not the micro-organisms as the micro organisms will settle by gravity in the neck and not reach into the flask.
<em>observations of the experiment</em> :-
1. Pasteur observed that even though the air entered the flask no micro organisms were growing in the flask.
2. Further,when he tilted the flask so that the broth came in contact with the part of the neck where the air borne microorganisms could have settled he was able to observe microbial growth in the flask.
These observations laid the theory of spontaneous generation to rest and proved that <em>organisms can only grow in the presence of pre-existing cells </em>which in this case were the microorganisms.
