Apartheid was a racist political policy in South Africa demanding segregation of the nation's white and non-white populations. During South African apartheid, more than three million black citizens were forced to move from their homes to segregated neighborhoods.
Answer: Benjamen Solomon Carson was born on Sept. 18, 1951, in Detroit, Mich. His parents divorced when he was eight, and he livedwith his mother and brother first in Boston and then back in Detroit. He was a poor academic student in elementary school untilhis mother began to limit his television watching and had him read two books a week and write book reports.In 2008, Pres. George W. Bushawarded Carson the Presidential Medal of Freedom. In 2009 a movie about Carson's life,GiftedHands: The Ben Carson Storypremiered on television. Carson was the author of an autobiography,Gifted Hands(1990), written with Cecil Murphey, as well as several motivational books.In 1983 Carson moved to Perth, Australia, to work as a chief neurosurgery resident at Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital. After a yearspent gaining experience, he returned to Johns Hopkins, where he was named director of pediatric neurosurgery. There he earneda reputation for dealing with difficult cases using advanced surgical methods. In 1985 he performed his first successfulhemispherectomy, a procedure that removes part of the brain in order to control chronic seizures. He also became known for hiswork separating conjoined twins, in 1987 completing the first successful separation of craniopagus twins (joined at the head).
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