Answer:
a. more widespread in the body and affect distant targets.
Explanation:
Hormones are released into the blood by the dustless endocrine glands and the circulating blood delivers hormones to cells throughout the body. Therefore, hormones affect the distantly located cells throughout the body. For instance, growth hormone released by pituitary gland affects soft and hard tissues throughout the body.
On the other hand, the nervous system release neurotransmitters that affect the postsynaptic neuron or the muscle or gland cells present close to the site of their release. Target cells of neurotransmitters are more limited and include muscle (smooth, cardiac, and skeletal) cells, gland cells, and other neurons only.
Answer: The correct answer is -
d) a dominant trait that depends on the presence of only one of many dominant alleles.
Glaucoma is an autosomal dominant trait, meaning that presence of single copy of the defective gene is enough to cause the disease.
It corresponds to a group of diseases, which cause damage in the optic nerve, leading to loss of vision and if not treated, it ultimately leads to blindness.
Thus, option D) is the right answer.
