Pituitary dwarfism is caused by problems arising from the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland, also called the hypophysis, is a gland at the base of the brain that produces many different hormones. This gland is divided into the anterior (front) and posterior (back) halves. The anterior pituitary produces six hormones: growth hormone, adrenocorticotropin (corticotropin), thyroid stimulating hormone (thyrotropin), prolactin, follicle stimulating hormone, and lutenizing hormone. The posterior pituitary gland only produces two hormones: antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) and oxytocin.
The growth process begins in the lower part of the forebrain in a small organ called the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus releases hormones that regulate the production of other hormones. When the hypothalamus releases growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), the anterior pituitary is stimulated to release growth hormone (GH). Growth hormone then acts on the liver and other tissues and stimulates them to secrete insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). IGF-1 directly promotes the development of bone and muscle, causing bones to grow in length, and muscles to increase protein synthesis (make more protein).
Since growth is a complex phenomenon, it may be slowed down or stopped by abnormalities arising at any point in the process. Thus, dwarfism can result if there is a deficiency in any of these hormones, if there is a failure in the receptor cells receiving the hormonal stimuli, or if the target cells are unable to respond.
At its most basic, pituitary dwarfism results from decreased production of hormones by the anterior pituitary. When none of the hormones of the anterior pituitary are adequately produced, this is called panhypopituitarism. A common form of pituitary dwarfism is due to deficiencies in the production of growth hormone (GH). When less GH than normal is produced during childhood, an individual's arms, legs, and other structures continue to develop in normal proportions, but at a decreased rate.
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Answer:
Differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration is whether or not oxygen is present. . During aerobic respiration, carbon dioxide, water, and ATP are produced. During anaerobic respiration, lactic acid, ethanol, and ATP are create, aerobic os used when heart rate and breathing rate rise, anaerobic is used during the first 1-2 mins of exercise, occurs in the cytoplasm of cells, while aerobic occurs in the mitochondria of the cells, glycolysis occurs in both, both are respiration, and both create ATP
Explanation:
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Option D, they are watered more often than tomatoes grown in other gardens, is the right answer.
The improper watering to the tomato plants can lead to several cultivation issues. Watering tomatoes at after drying them out can also lead to tomatoes to swell suddenly and splitting the peel of the tomatoes which permits fungal germination to take hold causing the complete ruin of the fruit. Therefore, it may noticed that watering plays an important role in the cultivation of tomatoes. It is clear, therefore, that the reason behind the juiciest tomatoes is the watering; the Botanist watered tomatoes plants of his garden more than they were watered in other gardens.
