Plants can respond to gravity, water, touch, and light in their environment. Plant parts can grow with or against gravity. This type of tropism is called gravitropism. Roots of a plant grow downward and exhibit positive gravitropism.
The mutation would cause a(in most cases) new and different polypeptide(protein) to be made so it can cause a different trait. For example a new eye color in fruit fly with mutated dna.
An obligate fermenter is an organism that is only able to survive via fermentation is not capable of aerobic respiration.
Lactic acid bacteria are gram-positive bacteria that can either be rod-shaped or spherical.
These bacteria are capable of carbohydrate fermentation and the end product of this process of fermentation is lactic acid.
Lactococcus is one such genus of the lactic acid bacteria that is an obligate fermenter. They can ferment glucose and the only product that is produced as a result of fermentation is lactic acid.
Lactococcus are commonly used in the cheese industries to ferment dairy products.
