Answer:
B. The foam has tiny air pockets that slow the transfer of thermal
energy away from the water in the pipe
Explanation:
Air is a poor conductor thermal energy and can be used as good insulator. Insulators are poor conductors of heat.
When it is freezing outside, the temperature gradient will tend to adjust to the ambient one. The water in the pipe being at a higher temperature will tend to lose heat energy to the surrounding.
The layer of foam will prevent this form of heat exchange from happening because of the air pocket that is present around.
According to the kinetic molecular theory, the average kinetic energy of gas particles is proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas. This can be expressed with the following equation where k represents the Boltzmann constan
Answer:
Date and latitude interact to determine photoperiod, the daily period of daylight. This interaction has important implications for latitudinal migrants for whom daylight may be a resource or for whom photoperiod regulates annual transitions in life‐history stages (i.e. birds).
Using an established formula, we developed user‐interactive, animated models that enable the visualization of how latitude and date determine photoperiod for latitudinal migrants. We also calculated the photoperiodic schedules for a broad range of hypothetical migratory programmes and real migratory programmes newly available through the proliferation of citizen‐science data. This enabled us to infer the limitations some migratory programmes place on mechanisms for photoperiodic regulation of annual breeding.
In the vast majority of cases, the act of migrating elevates annual daylight exposure. This raises the hypothesis that daylight availability selects for latitudinal migration, potentially contributing to its evolution in animals such as diurnal birds with limited time during the spring and summer to feed young. However, photoperiodic mechanisms regulating annual cycles could constrain the evolution of such migrations, depending on how they affect photoperiodic schedules. Most migratory programmes are consistent with known mechanisms of avian photoperiodism, but the range of feasible mechanisms declines for transequatorial migrants, which experience semi‐annual, 180°‐phase‐shifts in their photoperiodic cycles.
Understanding photoperiodic constraints on migration are particularly important in this age of changing latitudinal distributions and phenologies driven by climate change.
Hope this helps and have a great day!!! :D
DNA contains Deoxy ribose sugar. RNA contains ribose sugar. The DNA sugar contains one less molecule hence De-oxy.
