1. Since research papers are usually lengthy, a “table of contents” could help the reader navigate through the paper in an organized way.
2. Headings above each section could provide a simple, clearly defined format that works to break up the dense paper into distinct portions.
Comfort them or help them
It really depends on the article but in a summary it’s important to include the main points that the author is trying to get across, so anything that the author might be mentioning more than once or just details that you think are important.
