A transitional modifier would not necessarily require a comma of any kind if it is at the very end of a sentence, although this is very much up to the will of the author. 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
Direct Speech
He said," the moon revolves around the earth"
Indirect Speech
He said that the moon revolves around the earth. 
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Answer:
to question number 1 it's D and for question number 2 it is also D.
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
Explanation:number one is they can't see but number 2 is correct
 
        
             
        
        
        
Sorry for such late an answer, but I believe its A) Predicate Nominative.